Reproductive biology of the biofuel plant jatropha curcas. Chemical composition, jatropha curcas, biodiesel, uses 1. It contains approximately 170 species of succulent plants, shrubs and trees some are deciduous, like. Tremendous progress in jatropha domestication and breeding has been achieved during the past decade. Jatropha curcas can be grown in arid zones 20 cm rainfall as well as in higher rainfall zones it is a quickyielding species even in adverse land situations, that is, degraded and barren lands under forest and nonforest use, dry and drought prone areas, marginal lands, even on alkaline soils, and also as agro forestry crops. Jatropha curcas or ratanjot, van erand, moghal erand offers great hope of being developed as a rich source of biodiesel. Global jatropha curcas evaluation, breeding and propagation programme r. Domestication and breeding of jatropha curcas l trends in. The species has been advocated for extensive plantations on degraded wasteland throughout. It is native to central america, mexico and the caribbean, but has been widely planted throughout the tropics for a number of commercial uses, perhaps now most predominately for production of biofuel. Show all show tabs barbados nut general information.
Description of jatropha curcas, its origin and use species description. Jatropha curcas is lauded as being sustainable, and that its production would not compete with food production, but the jatropha plant needs water like every other crop to grow. Curcas for biofuel suitable to many site conditions in arid and semisemiarid areas of the country arid areas of the country easy propagation high survival rate nonnonpalatable palatable early economic returns. Propagation methods for jatropha curcas netherlands enterprise. It is a plant with many attributes, multiple uses and considerable potential.
Domestication and breeding of jatropha curcas l trends. Jatropha curcass can grow in the harshest of conditions and in the most inhospitable of climates. Brandenburg stichting het groene woudt, laren report 158. Jatropha curcas, commonly called purging nut, barbados nut or physic nut, is a dioecious small tree or large shrub that grows to 20 tall. Names of jatropha in various languages of the world are also given. Jatropha curcas is a perennial plant belonging to the euphorbiaceae family and it is widely used for phytoremediation techniques and biodiesel production.
Jatropha tree info learn about jatropha plant care and uses. Normally, jatropha grows between three and five meters in height, but can attain a height of up to eight or ten meters in forests, under favourable conditions. Jatropha plantation,cultivation,jatropha plant,jatropha. Jatropha plant,jatropha curcas,jatropha seeds,jatropha. Many parts of the plant are used in traditional medicine. Jatropha curcas seed oil is the most offering alternative source of feedstock for biofuel industries. The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. Physic nut jatropha curcas was deliberately introduced into australia at some time in the late 1800s. Introduction jatropha curcas linn is commonly known as physic nut is a nonfood bioenergy plant and currently considered as alternative substitute to fossil 1.
A downloadable pdf document of a book in prepublication awaiting illustration. Jatropha curcas physic nut seeds world seed supply. Jatropha curcas plant as a species of particular interest with potential for cultivation even in constrained land warra and prasad, 2016 has shown its tolerance to mercury hgcontaminated soils from historical gold mines that represent a potential risk to human health and the environment marrugonegrete et al. After two years of testing this oleaginous plant, we can say that some of the wonders attributed to its cultivation are true. The seeds resemble groundnuts in flavour, and 15 20 seeds will cause griping, purging and vomiting for 30 minutes. Jatropha curcas is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, euphorbiaceae, that is native to the american tropics, most likely mexico and central america. Assessment of the potential of jatropha curcas, biodiesel tree, for energy production and other uses in developing countries mike benge, senior agroforestry officer, usaid ret. Plant species which can be processed to provide a diesel fuel substitute have captured the interest of scientists more in temperate than in tropical zones. Jatropha curcas is an extremely adaptable and easytogrow perennial plant. The plant can easily be propagated by cutting or direct seeding, and is widely planted as hedge to protect fields since it is not browsed by cattle or other animals 2. The name is derived from the greek words iatros, meaning physician, and trophe, meaning nutrition, hence the common name physic nut.
Jatropha curcas has the ability to phytoextract high amounts of heavy metals during its first months just after seeding. Recent research revealed that terminal flower 1 tfl1 homologues are involved in the critical developmental process of floral initiation in several plant species. Association of plant scientists with the farming community for advising appropriate management of biofuel crops. Until recent, seed and plant selection of jatropha curcas l. Studies on the control of snail vectors of fascioliasis. Potential of jatropha curcas as a source of renewable oil and. Xaviers college autonomous, palayamkottai 627 002, tamil nadu, india. The genus jatropha contains approximately 170 known. The plant can be used to prevent andor control erosion, to reclaim land, grown as a live fence, especially to contain or exclude farm animals and be planted as a commercial crop. Phytochemical and antibacterial studies on jatropha curca s l. Jatropha was once touted as the new wunderkind plant for biofuel. Notwithstanding, there is scarce information about metal uptake by adult j.
Jatropha curcas plants were also tested to evaluate their. Jatropha, biodiesel jatropha curcas, packet of 5 seeds, organic quantity. It has mainly been cultivated as a hedging plant or garden ornamental around mining sites and homesteads in the northern parts of australia. Recently, it has received much attention as a potential source of vegetable oil as a replacement for petroleum, and, in particular, the production of biodiesel. Jatropha podagrica 5 buddha belly plant or bottleplant was used to tan leather and produce a red dye in mexico and the southwestern united states. It is so droughttolerant that it can even be grown in desert environments, and it will tolerate poor soils, making it a great crop for areas that would not typically be valuable as farmland.
Jatropha curcas is a multipurpose plant with many attributes and considerable potential. July 2006 and updated august 2006 table of contents. Chemical composition, biodiesel potential and uses of. Three tfl1 homologues regulate floral initiation in the. In this plant category, the following properties of the tropical physic nut jatropha curcas l. Seed from highyielding jatropha plants is not generally available, due to the fact that the outcrossing seed selected from productive plants may or may not result in highyielding and highquality plants. Use of extracts of jatropha curcas leaf formulated in a. It contains approximately 170 species of succulent plants, shrubs and trees some are deciduous, like jatropha curcas. Department of microbiology, faculty of science, king mongkuts university of technology thonburi, bangkok 10140, thailand.
Life cycle of jatropha jatropha curcas is a droughtresistant plant, that grows well in the harshest of conditions and poorest of soils. Being leading organisation in jatropha plantation in india on commercial basis we proposes draf varieties like jatropha, karanj as a biofuel feedstock on barren land. It is reasonable to speculate then that considering that 1250 plants can. Trees capable of producing more than 2 tonnes of dry seed per.
In fact, jatropha has not really been domesticated. Curcas for biofuel suitable to many site conditions in arid and semisemiarid areas of the country arid areas of the country easy propagation. Clitocybe tabescens root rot, colletotrichum gloeosporioides leaf spot, and phakopsora jatrophicola rust. Jatropha herb uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients. Early trials showed a lot of variation between individual plants, which simply means that yield, will be unpredictable. The seeds are large like nuts and hold viability well. Highly droughttolerant, this plant can also be grown in tropical wastelands or in the desert. The leaves shed during the winter months form mulch around the base of the plant. It is originally native to the tropical areas of the americas from mexico to argentina, and has been spread throughout the world in tropical and subtropical regions around the world, becoming naturalized or invasive in many areas. An excellent, if rather terse, guide to the traditional medicinal uses of the plants of the region the seeds resemble groundnuts in flavour, and 15 20 seeds will cause griping, purging and vomiting for 30 minutes. Integrated research on jatropha curcas plantation management. How jatropha is effective for various diseases is listed in repertory format. Barbadosnut, bubble bush, physicnut, purgenut, purgingnut, mogalai erand, ratanjyot plant family. During the fruiting process the plant uses most of the assimilates for fruit development and a lower percentage to produce secondary compounds, resulting in less.
Potential of jatropha curcas as a source of renewable oil. It is a tropical plant that can be grown in low to high rainfall areas and can be used to reclaim land, as a hedge andor as a commercial crop. Physiological and growth responses of jatropha curcas l. Guidelines for the conduct of test for distinctiveness. Jatropha curcas grows almost anywhere, even on gravelly, sandy and saline soils. Growing plants in general and including jatropha curcas l. Rwl was calculated relative to that of the plant with highest. Review antiquity, botany, origin and domestication. The name jatropha curcas was first used by linnaeus, and although there are a number of synonyms this name is still valid today. Jatropha curcas plant finder missouri botanical garden.
However, little is known about jatropha, and there are a number of challenges. Assessment of the potential of jatropha curcas, biodiesel. This case study concerns the use of the physic nut on the cape verde islands. Global jatropha curcas evaluation, breeding and propagation programme. Uses, benefits, cures, side effects, nutrients in jatropha. Jatropha curcas linnaeus is a multipurpose bushsmall tree belonging to the family of euphorbiaceae. Jatropha curcas is currently attracting much attention as an oilseed crop for biofuel, as jatropha can grow under climate and soil conditions that are unsuitable for food production. From jatropha biofuel plant, some byproducts are produced. Guidelines for the conduct of test for distinctiveness, uniformity and stability on jatropha jatropha curcas l. However, little is known about jatropha, and there are a number of challenges to be overcome. To make sustainable and economically viable industry, it is necessary to use byproducts properly. Description of the plant, distribution, ecology jatropha curcas l. Phd dissertation at the institute of plant generic and crop plant research, gatersleben, germany and international plant generic resource institute, rome, italy 1996 2. Jatropha curcas is a droughtresistant plant, that grows well in the harshest of conditions and poorest of soils.
Review antiquity, botany, origin and domestication jatropha. This could create competition for water between the jatropha and other edible food crops. Plant details information about jatropha curcas plant. Narayani m, johnson m, sivaraman a, janakiraman n centre for plant biotechnology, department of plant biology and plant biotechnology, st.
Jatropha curcas is a species of flowering plant in the spurge family, euphorbiaceae, that is. Jatropha curcas plant ratanjyot, vanerand botanical features. The foundation statute assigns to ipk the task of conducting basic research in the area of plant genetics and research on cultivated plants. Jatropha curcas is a perennial plant belonging to the euphorbiaceae family and it is widely used for phytoremediation techniques. Jatropha is a genus of flowering plants in the spurge family, euphorbiaceae.
It is reported from gabon that 1 2 roasted seeds are sufficient to act as a purgative. Jatropha is a small tree or shrub with smooth gray bark, which exudes a whitish colored, watery, latex when cut. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 104552 with original publication. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Recently, it has received much attention as a potential source of vegetable oil as a replacement for petroleum, and. Jatropha jatropha curcas was once touted as the new wunderkind plant for biofuel. Gujarat forestry research foundation, indroda park, van chetana kendra, basan. Related plants brocade tapestry nursery availability. Jcl has been propagated as unique and potential tropical plant for augmenting renewable energy sources due to its several merits for which it deserves to be considered as sole candidate in the tangible and intangible benefits of ecology and environment. Promoting the conservation and use of uderutilized and neglected crops. Especially in the 1980s and 1990s, gtz projects in africa gained a great deal of. Jatropha, biodiesel jatropha curcas, packet of 5 seeds. The tree or bush grows in any type of soil at a rapid rate, is toxic and produces fuel fit for diesel engines.
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